Rubus spp wild blackberry

Rubus spp wild blackberry, commonly known as brambles, is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, encompassing over 1,350 species. These plants are predominantly found in the Northern Hemisphere and the Indian subcontinent. Rubus plants can be perennial shrubs, subshrubs, or creeping herbs, with raspberries, blackberries, and dewberries being common and widely distributed members of the genus. Bristleberries, on the other hand, are endemic to North America. Most Rubus plants have woody stems adorned with prickles similar to roses, along with spines, bristles, and gland-tipped hairs. The Rubus fruit, often referred to as bramble fruit, is an aggregate of drupelets. The term “cane fruit” or “cane berry” applies to any Rubus species or hybrid typically grown with supports like wires or canes, including raspberries, blackberries, and hybrids such as loganberry, boysenberry, marionberry, and tayberry. The stems of these plants are also known as canes.

Bramble bushes usually grow as shrubs, though some are herbaceous, with stems typically covered in sharp prickles. They produce long, arching shoots that readily root upon contact with soil and form a soil rootstock from which new shoots emerge in the spring. The leaves can be evergreen or deciduous, and are simple, lobed, or compound. The shoots generally do not flower or set fruit until the second year of growth, making them biennial, while the rootstock is perennial. Most species are hermaphrodites, with male and female parts present on the same flower. Bramble fruits are aggregate fruits composed of smaller units called drupelets. A significant portion of Rubus species, around 60-70%, are polyploid, with species ranging from diploid to tetradecaploid. Modern classification recognizes 13 subgenera within Rubus, with the largest subgenus divided into 12 sections. The genus likely originated in North America, with fossil evidence dating back to the Eocene epoch.

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